What to Do If Your Cat Is Seizing

Seizures in cats can be a frightening experience for pet owners. If your cat is seizing, you may feel helpless, but knowing what to do in the moment can help you respond appropriately and better ensure your cat receives the care they need. Seizures are a sign of underlying medical conditions, and immediate veterinary attention is essential. Below, we will walk you through what to do if your cat is seizing, potential causes, and when to seek emergency care at Happy Tails Emergency Veterinary Clinic in Greensboro, North Carolina. If your cat is experiencing a seizure, call (336) 288-2688 right away.

Recognizing the Signs of a Seizure in Cats

Seizures in cats can range from mild to severe. Understanding what a seizure looks like can help you act quickly. The most common signs include:

• Sudden collapse or loss of consciousness
• Uncontrollable muscle twitching or jerking
• Paddling of the legs
• Excessive drooling or foaming at the mouth
• Involuntary urination or defecation
• Unusual vocalization or distress
• Disorientation or confusion after the episode

Seizures typically last between a few seconds and a couple of minutes. If your cat is seizing for more than five minutes, this is considered a medical emergency.

What to Do During a Seizure

If your cat is seizing, it’s crucial to remain calm and take the following steps to protect them:

1. Ensure a Safe Environment – Move any nearby objects that could cause injury, such as furniture or sharp objects. Do not try to move your cat unless they are in immediate danger.
2. Do Not Touch Their Mouth – Unlike in humans, cats do not swallow their tongues during seizures. Trying to open their mouth could result in an accidental bite.
3. Dim the Lights and Reduce Noise – Bright lights and loud noises can worsen a seizure. Keep the environment as calm as possible.
4. Time the Seizure – If possible, note the length of the seizure. Seizures lasting longer than five minutes require immediate veterinary intervention.
5. Stay by Their Side – Offer comfort by speaking in a soothing voice and remaining close, but avoid physically restraining them.
6. Monitor Breathing and Heart Rate – Most cats recover on their own, but if your cat stops breathing, seek emergency care immediately.

Possible Causes of Seizures in Cats

Seizures are a symptom of an underlying condition rather than a disease itself. Several factors can contribute to why your cat is seizing:

Epilepsy

Feline epilepsy is a neurological disorder that causes recurring seizures. While the exact cause is unknown, epilepsy is often diagnosed when no other underlying condition is found.

Toxic Ingestion

Exposure to toxic substances can trigger seizures. Common household toxins include:

• Certain human foods like chocolate and onions
• Household chemicals and cleaners
• Plants such as lilies and poinsettias
• Insecticides and rodenticides

Head Trauma

A fall or head injury can lead to seizures. Even if your cat appears fine after an accident, internal swelling or brain damage may trigger neurological symptoms later.

Brain Tumors

Tumors affecting the brain can cause seizures, particularly in older cats. A veterinary neurologist may recommend imaging tests to determine if a tumor is the cause.

Infections and Diseases

Certain infections and diseases can affect the nervous system, leading to seizures. Conditions such as feline infectious peritonitis (FIP), toxoplasmosis, and feline leukemia virus (FeLV) may contribute to seizure activity.

What to Expect After a Seizure

Following a seizure, your cat may go through a postictal phase, where they appear disoriented or exhausted. Symptoms during this phase can include:

• Temporary blindness
• Unsteady walking
• Increased hunger or thirst
• Hiding or clingy behavior

This phase can last from minutes to hours. Monitor your cat closely and keep them in a quiet, comfortable space. If symptoms persist, consult your veterinarian.

How to Know If Your Pet’s Condition Is an Emergency

Not all seizures require immediate intervention, but there are situations where emergency care is necessary. Call Happy Tails Emergency Veterinary Clinic at (336) 288-2688 if:

• Your cat has multiple seizures in a short period
• The seizure lasts longer than five minutes
• Your cat remains unconscious after the seizure
• They experience difficulty breathing
• The frequency of seizures increases over time

Diagnosing and Managing Seizures in Cats

Your veterinarian will perform a thorough examination and diagnostic tests to determine the cause of your cat’s seizures. These may include blood tests to check for metabolic disorders or toxins or neurological exams to assess brain function.

How Are Seizures in Cats Treated? 

Treatment for seizures depends on the underlying cause. Options may include:

• Medication – Anti-seizure medications such as phenobarbital or levetiracetam may be prescribed for cats with epilepsy.
• Dietary Changes – Some neurological conditions may improve with specialized diets.
• Treating Underlying Conditions – If seizures are caused by infections, tumors, or toxins, addressing the root cause can reduce episodes.

Creating a Safe Environment for Your Cat

If your cat has a history of seizures, making adjustments to their environment can help reduce risks. Consider the following:

• Keep harmful substances out of reach.
• Provide soft bedding to prevent injury.
• Use baby gates to restrict access to stairs.
• Minimize exposure to bright lights and loud noises.

Taking Action for Your Cat’s Health

If your cat is seizing, acting quickly can help ensure their safety and well-being. While seizures are distressing to witness, knowing how to respond and seeking veterinary care promptly can make all the difference. If your cat experiences a seizure, contact Happy Tails Emergency Veterinary Clinic in Greensboro, North Carolina, at (336) 288-2688 today. Our team is here to provide expert care and support for your feline companion.